Parallel spatial intensity correlations to decode random frequency-downconverted images

We record frequency-downconverted images that are chaotic, as they are obtained in a chi((2)) crystal from the interaction of two pulsed pseudo-thermal fields of which the one at the higher frequency encountered the imaged object. Spatial correlations of the intensity fluctuations in these chaotic images with the intensity of a single spatial Fourier component of the low-frequency input field, allow image retrieval if the number of records on which the ensemble-averages are calculated is suitably large. When it is too small to achieve a satisfactory result, we show that computing the correlations in parallel with different components of the low-frequency input field, shifting the correlation maps according to a rule suggested by 3D phase-matching, and averaging them, leads to the recovery of the downconverted image. The method can be used for secure and fast image transmission

COORDINATION IN TRACK & FIELD SPRINTERS WHILE PERFORMING THE COUNTERMOVEMENT JUMP

The aim of this study was to assess coordination, coordination variability and their evolution with time, during the countermovement jump. For this purpose a population of track & field sprinters was analysed through a Dynamic Systems approach. Five testing sessions over the year were considered. The kinematics of lower limbs was recorded by an optoelectronic system, and the continuous relative phase of the hip-knee and knee-ankle joints was considered. Results showed different behaviours for the two couplings across the functional phases of the movement, with an increased variability and a less in-phase relationship during transitions between phases. No relevant changes were reported over the subsequent testing sessions

Image transfer through a chaotic channel by intensity correlations

The three-wave mixing processes in a second-order nonlinear medium can be used for imaging protocols, in which an object field is injected into the nonlinear medium together with a reference field and an image field is generated. When the reference field is chaotic, the image field is also chaotic and does not carry any information about the object. We show that a clear image of the object be extracted from the chaotic image field by measuring the spatial intensity correlations between this field and one Fourier component of the reference. We experimentally verify this imaging protocol in the case of frequency downconversion.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure

Aborto inseguro: determinantes sociais e iniquidades em saúde em uma população vulnerável, São Paulo, Brasil

This cross-sectional population-based study in a peripheral low-income community in São Paulo, Brazil, aimed to estimate the prevalence of unsafe abortion and identify the socio-demographic characteristics associated with it and its morbidity. The article discusses the study's results, based on univariate and multiple multinomial logistic regression analyses. The final regression models included: age at first intercourse 2 sex partners in the previous year (OR = 3.63); more live born children than the woman's self-reported ideal number (OR = 3.09); acceptance of the abortion due to insufficient economic conditions (OR = 4.07); black ethnicity/color (OR = 2.67); and low schooling (OR = 2.46), all with p 2 (OR = 3,63); número de filhos nascidos vivos > ideal (OR = 3,09); aceitação do aborto por falta de condições econômicas (OR = 4,07); etnia negra/cor preta (OR = 2,67); e escolaridade baixa (OR = 2,46), todos com p < 0,05. Foi utilizada na discussão uma abordagem voltada aos determinantes sociais da saúde, segundo conceito e modelo adotados pela WHO, e às iniquidades em saúde por esses geradas na ocorrência do aborto inseguro. Verificou-se que o aborto inseguro e características sociodemográficas são influenciados pelos determinantes sociais da saúde descritos, gerando nessa população iniquidades em saúde de proporções diversas.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESPSciEL

Epidemiology of unsafe abortion in a poverty stricken environment Favela Inajar de Souza, São Paulo, Brazil

This article compares the results of a survey carried out recently in a poverty stricken environment in São Paulo, Brazil - a country where abortion is illegal in most circumstances- to data from Cuba - where abortion is safe and legal, and data registries are reliable. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a community in the north side of the city, called Favela Inajar de Souza, with the purpose of estimating the frequency of unsafe, clandestine abortions and identifying socio-demographic characteristics and morbidity related to abortion in a poor population. All women aged 15 to 54 years that lived in this community (Census) were interviewed for this survey. The Chi-Square Test and the Fisher exact test were used for categorical variables, and analysis of variance was used for numeric variables. Throughout the analysis, the statistical significance level of 5% (p<0.05) was adopted. A high number of unsafe abortions and a high rate of post-abortion complications were detected in the studied population - the community of Favela Inajar. With regard to induced abortions, the only common features between the two populations were age and civil status. As opposed to what happens in Cuba, the analysis of the data from Favela Inajar shows that there were statistically significant associations between unsafe abortion and: income, educational level, internal migration and ethnicity. These findings indicate that this population is particularly vulnerable to unsafe abortion in face of the several forms of structural violence present in Brazil, which produce social inequity. The performance of safe and legal abortion, as is the case in Cuba, would change this scenario. Legalization of abortion in Brazil would mostly benefit poor women.Procurou-se, neste trabalho, comparar os Resultados de Pesquisa recente, realizada em São Paulo, Brasil, país em que o aborto é ilegal em quase todas as circunstâncias, com dados referentes a Cuba, país onde o aborto é legal e seguro, dispondo de registros confiáveis. Essa pesquisa foi sediada em uma comunidade da Zona Norte da cidade de São Paulo, Favela Inajar de Souza: um estudo transversal que teve por objetivo estimar a freqüência de Abortos Inseguros, bem como determinar as características sociodemográficas e a morbidade associadas a tal ocorrência, em uma população em situação de pobreza. Foram entrevistadas todas as mulheres entre 15 e 54 anos residentes na comunidade (Censo). Na análise dos dados foram empregados o teste exato de Fisher e o teste qui-quadrado para as variáveis categóricas, e a análise de variância (ANOVA) para as variáveis numéricas. Em toda a análise adotou-se um nível de significância de 5%, com p < 0,05. Encontrou-se, na população estudada, Favela Inajar, um alto número de abortos inseguros e alta porcentagem de complicações pós-aborto. Em comum com Cuba, quanto ao Aborto Induzido foi observada semelhança de perfil somente em relação à Idade e ao Estado Civil. Nos Resultados foram constatadas também - contrariamente ao que ocorre em Cuba - associações estatisticamente significativas entre Aborto Inseguro e Renda/Escolaridade (baixas), Aborto Inseguro e Etnia/Cor, Aborto Inseguro e Não Apoio do Parceiro, e Aborto Inseguro e Migração Interna - o que torna essa população especialmente vulnerável ao aborto inseguro frente às violências estruturais, geradoras de iniqüidade, vigentes no Brasil. O aborto legal e seguro, tal como em Cuba, transformaria essa realidade. A legalização do aborto beneficiaria, sobretudo, as mulheres pobres.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de Medicina PreventivaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de Medicina PreventivaSciEL

Factors influencing staff nurses' decisions for non-documentation of patient response to analgesia administration

• The purpose of this descriptive field study is to determine what factors influence staff nurses' decisions for non-documentation of patients' response to analgesic administration. • The study, based on Herbert Simon's descriptive model of decision making, has two components: (a) to determine staff nurses' perceptions of the factors that influence their documentation as well as how frequently they document analgesic administration and (b) to determine the actual frequency of nurses' documentation. • Data collected from 67 staff nurses using a questionnaire designed for this study and through an audit of 65 patients' charts allowed comparison of nurses' perceptions with their actual practice. • Analysis involved both quantitative and qualitative approaches. • The results of the study have implications for nurse educators and nurse administrators.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73890/1/j.1365-2702.1992.tb00112.x.pd

Plasduino: an inexpensive, general purpose data acquisition framework for educational experiments

Based on the Arduino development platform, Plasduino is an open-source data acquisition framework specifically designed for educational physics experiments. The source code, schematics and documentation are in the public domain under a GPL license and the system, streamlined for low cost and ease of use, can be replicated on the scale of a typical didactic lab with minimal effort. We describe the basic architecture of the system and illustrate its potential with some real-life examples.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures, presented at the XCIX conference of the Societ\`a Italiana di Fisic